HACKING TUTORIAL CLASS 2( IMPORTANT CONCEPTS IN WIRELESS HACKING )

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS IN WIRELESS HACKING

COMPUTER NETWORK

A computer network is a group of two or more computers linked together so the
communication between individual computers can be made possible.

types of computer networks :

Local Area Network (LAN)

This is a type of computer network where interconnected computers which are situated very close to each other say , inside the same building or same room.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

This is a type of computer network where interconnected computers are separated by a large distance (a few km to few hundreds of km)

Internet

The Internet is the largest network which interconnects various LAN and WAN. It is a global system of various interconnected computer networks belonging to individual , government or private organizations.

NETWORK HOST

A network host (or  host) can be any computer or network device connected to the computer network. This computer can be a terminal or a web server offering services to its clients.

NETWORK PROTOCOL

A network protocol (or just referred to as protocol) is a set of rules and conventions that
are necessary for the communication between two network devices. For example, two
computers on a network can communicate only if they agree to follow the protocols.
The following are some of the most widely referred network protocols:
Internet Protocol (IP Address)
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a unique number assigned to each computer
or device (such as printer) so that each of them can be uniquely identified on the network.

Types of IP Address:

Private IP Address: A private IP address is the one that is assigned to a computer on the Local Area Network (LAN).

EXAMPLE -- 192.168.0.2

Public IP Address: A public IP address is the one that is assigned to a computer

connected to the Internet.
EXAMPLE -- 59.93.115.125

computer gets connected to the ISP ( INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER ) network using a private IP. ISP ( INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER ) network it will be assigned a public IP address using which the communication with the Internet is made possible.

How to Find the IP Address of a Computer?

Finding your public IP is extremely simple. Just type “what is my IP” on Google to see your public IP address displayed in search results.
In order to find your private IP, just open the command prompt window (type cmd in the
“Run” box) and enter the following command:
ipconfig/all

This will display a long list of details about your computer’s network devices and their configuration. To see your private IP address, just scroll down to find something as “IPv4 Address” which is nothing but your private IP.

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

The Hyper Text Transfer Protocol provides a standard for communication between web browsers and the server. It is one of the most widely used protocol on the Internet for requesting documents such as web pages and images.
Example: http://www.example.com

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

The File Transfer Protocol provides a standard for transferring files between two
computers on the network. FTP is most widely used in carrying out upload/download operations between a server and a workstation.
Example:ftp://www.example.com

Simple Main Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol provides a standard for sending e-mails from one server to another. Most e-mail systems that send mail over the Internet use SMTP to exchange messages between the server.